Keeping the Lights On: How Cloudflare Sustains Violent Extremism, Graphic Violence and Terrorism Online
Report
This report details the real human impact of some of the sites Cloudflare sustains and evaluates the systemic policy and enforcement gaps that allow them to remain operational.
The Islamic Republic of Iran’s Embassy Accounts Post Hitler Comparisons, Antisemitic Conspiracy Tropes on X
Article
Following the April 8, 2026 ceasefire, which halted the 40-day-long U.S. and Israeli military operation against the Islamic Republic of Iran, official Iranian regime diplomatic accounts on X have posted a stream of antisemitic content to audiences of millions. In a campaign the New York Times referred to as “information warfare,” spanning at least four embassies across three continents, Iranian missions in Indonesia, South Africa, Tajikistan, and Zimbabwe have published…
Pro-Iran Terrorist Attacks Against Jewish Communities
Article
Since March 9, 2026, a previously unknown group calling itself Harakat Ashab al-Yamin al-Islamiya (HAYI) has claimed responsibility for a rapidly increasing series of attacks on Jewish and Israel-linked institutions across Europe, including in Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, North Macedonia, and the United Kingdom. In the past few weeks, synagogues were bombed or firebombed in Liege, Rotterdam, Skopje, Kenton, Finchley and Hendon; explosive devices were detonated near a Jewish…
The Safety Divide: Open-Source AI Models Fall Short on Guardrails for Antisemitic, Dangerous Content
Report
ADL study finds popular open-source LLMs can easily be manipulated by malicious actors to produce antisemitic, extremist, and dangerous content amid weak safety guardrails.
False Flag Narratives Emerge on Reddit After D.C., Boulder Attacks
Report
Research by the ADL Center for Tech & Society (CTS) found that the term ‘false flag’ ranked as the second most popular term on Reddit in a sample of conversations about the antisemitic Boulder attack and the fifth most popular following the D.C. Capitol Jewish Museum attack.
On social media and gaming platforms, hate and harassment thrive in closed online spaces, which lack the visibility and accountability of more open or public ones.
Artificial intelligence is rapidly reshaping how people consume and trust information—including what books they read. Amazon, the world’s largest bookseller, uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate short, snappy summaries of customer reviews. While this may be useful when applied to bedsheets or kitchen appliances, applying AI to book reviews—without human oversight—is proving to be deeply problematic. We found that AI-generated reviews are promoting books that…
The Islamic Republic of Iran: Exporting Antisemitic Hate and Terror since 1979
Article
At a moment when the Islamic Republic of Iran is at the center of a regional war, it is important to remember that the Iranian regime's decades-long promotion of antisemitism is not merely ideological, it is operational. Since 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran has been the world's leading state sponsor of terrorism, antisemitism and Holocaust denial. The regime has embedded anti-Jewish hatred into its core identity and translated it into policy, propaganda and violence. Persecution…
Generating Hate: Anti-Jewish and Anti-Israel Bias in Leading Large Language Models
Report
Co-produced with Builders For Tomorrow Executive SummaryADL research shows that four leading LLMs, particularly Llama, display bias against Jews and Israel. LLM bias in other areas has already been highlighted; this report provides the most comprehensive evaluation to date of anti-Jewish and anti-Israel bias in major LLMs—GPT (OpenAI), Claude (Anthropic), Gemini (Google), and Llama (Meta). In 2025 and beyond, the importance of large language model (LLM)…
Editing for Hate: How Anti-Israel and Anti-Jewish Bias Undermines Wikipedia’s Neutrality
Report
Co-produced with Builders For Tomorrow Executive Summary ADL has identified extensive issues with antisemitic and anti-Israel bias on Wikipedia in multiple languages. These issues include 1) a coordinated campaign to manipulate Wikipedia content related to Israel, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and similar issues, in which a group of editors systematically evade Wikipedia’s rules to shift balanced narratives toward skewed ones, spotlighting criticism of Israel and downplaying…
Playing with Hate: How Online Gamers with Diverse Identity Usernames are Treated
Report
by Dr. Kat Schrier, Professor and Director of Games & Emerging Media at Marist University 29 min read Executive Summary This report shows there was hate and harassment in about half of the online multiplayer game sessions that ADL asked a group of participants to play using a range of religious, ethnic, and national identities. Previous research by ADL and others has repeatedly suggested that online games are spaces where hate and harassment are rampant; we set out to…
Hateful Election Misinformation Thrives as Platforms Roll Back Policies
Report
Executive summaryFalse and misleading election narratives are surging on social media platforms in the lead up to the US presidential election. Since 2022, at least three major platforms have weakened their rules against disseminating election misinformation. Of these, X/Twitter also appears to have rolled back enforcement against hateful election misinformation. Ahead of this election, a flood of narratives has surged rehashing antisemitic tropes and pushing anti-immigrant…
Online Antisemitism: How Tech Platforms Handle User Reporting Post 10/7
Report
Executive Summary Platforms are still failing to take action on antisemitic hate reported through regular channels available to users. Researchers at the ADL Center for Technology and Society (CTS) tested how well five major platforms enforced their policies against hateful content in two areas: antisemitic conspiracy theories and the term “Zionist” used as a slur. Most platforms only took action when ADL escalated the reports through direct channels, and even…
AB587 Revisited: How are Platforms Complying with California's Newly-Mandated Transparency Reporting?
Report
12 min read Executive Summary Most tech companies have rules against hate and harassment. But until a new law in California was enacted in 2022, they had not been accountable to the American public for enforcing them. The law that could change all this, California AB 587, requires social media companies over a certain size to publish their terms of service, including key definitions of terms, and report regularly on how they are adhering to their policies…
Antisemitism on Reddit: Addressing Moderator Concerns
Report
18 min read Executive SummaryA group of moderators, who were struggling to cope with antisemitism in their communities on the social media platform Reddit, reached out to the ADL Center for Technology and Society (CTS) for support. Following engagement with Reddit—based on research into these moderators’ experiences—the platform took several important steps to support these moderators and stem instances of antisemitism on the site. Some of these steps include: …
Tools Against Harassment: Empowering Content Creators
Report
ADL interviews content creators about their experiences with harassment in their comment sections and frustrations with the moderation tools available to them
Ali Larijani, the former secretary of the Islamic Republic of Iran's Supreme National Security Council killed on March 17, had emerged after the killing of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei on February 28, 2026, as one of the most powerful surviving Iranian regime figures, with analysts assessing that he had "effectively been running” Iran. Larijani was revered by his admirers because he combined military service in the Iran-Iraq war with theological and intellectual…